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This article lists mathematical properties and laws of sets, involving the set-theoretic operations of union, intersection, and complementation and the relations of set equality and set inclusion. It also provides systematic procedures for evaluating expressions, and performing calculations, involving these operations and relations.
If exponentiation is indicated by stacked symbols using superscript notation, the usual rule is to work from the top down: [2] [7] a b c = a (b c), which typically is not equal to (a b) c. This convention is useful because there is a property of exponentiation that (a b) c = a bc, so it's unnecessary to use serial exponentiation for this.
In mathematics, the algebra of sets, not to be confused with the mathematical structure of an algebra of sets, defines the properties and laws of sets, the set-theoretic operations of union, intersection, and complementation and the relations of set equality and set inclusion. It also provides systematic procedures for evaluating expressions ...
The definition of exponentiation can also be given by transfinite recursion on the exponent β. When the exponent β = 0, ordinary exponentiation gives α 0 = 1 for any α. For β > 0, the value of α β is the smallest ordinal greater than or equal to α δ · α for all δ < β. Writing the successor and limit ordinals cases separately: α 0 = 1.
A set of polygons in an Euler diagram This set equals the one depicted above since both have the very same elements.. In mathematics, a set is a collection of different [1] things; [2] [3] [4] these things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects of any kind: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometrical shapes, variables, or even other ...
The multiple valued version of log(z) is a set, but it is easier to write it without braces and using it in formulas follows obvious rules. log(z) is the set of complex numbers v which satisfy e v = z; arg(z) is the set of possible values of the arg function applied to z. When k is any integer:
To use the Rule of 78 on a 12-month loan, a lender adds the digits within the 12 months using the following formula: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 = 78
In mathematics, exponentiation, denoted b n, is an operation involving two numbers: the base, b, and the exponent or power, n. [1] When n is a positive integer, exponentiation corresponds to repeated multiplication of the base: that is, b n is the product of multiplying n bases: [1] = ⏟.