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Malleable iron is cast as white iron, the structure being a metastable carbide in a pearlitic matrix. Through an annealing heat treatment, the brittle structure as first cast is transformed into the malleable form.
Display of threaded cast-iron fittings. The material with which a pipe is manufactured is often the basis for choosing a pipe. Materials used for manufacturing pipes include: Carbon (CS) and galvanized steel; Impact-tested carbon steel (ITCS) Low-temperature carbon steel (LTCS) Stainless steel (SS) Malleable iron
Cast iron is made from pig iron, which is the product of melting iron ore in a blast furnace. Cast iron can be made directly from the molten pig iron or by re-melting pig iron, [4] often along with substantial quantities of iron, steel, limestone, carbon (coke) and taking various steps to remove undesirable contaminants.
Wrought iron is the simplest form of iron, and is almost pure iron (typically less than 0.15% carbon). It usually contains some slag. Its uses are almost entirely obsolete, and it is no longer commercially produced. Wrought iron is very poor in fires. It is ductile, malleable and tough. It does not corrode as easily as steel.
In cast iron pipe, the graphite forms flakes during the casting process, when examined under a microscope. Cast iron pipe was superseded by ductile iron pipe, which is a direct development, with most existing manufacturing plants transitioning to the new material during the 1970s and 1980s. Ductile iron pipe is different than cast iron, because ...
EN 877:1999/A1:2006/AC:2008 – Cast iron pipes and fittings, their joints and accessories for the evacuation of water from buildings – Requirements, test methods and quality assurance EN 598:2007+A1:2009 – Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for sewerage applications – Requirements and test methods