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Excessive QT prolongation can trigger tachycardias such as torsades de pointes (TdP). QT prolongation is an established side effect of antiarrhythmics, but can also be caused by a wide range of non-cardiac medicines, including antibiotics, antidepressants, antihistamines, opioids, and complementary medicines.
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition affecting repolarization (relaxing) of the heart after a heartbeat, giving rise to an abnormally lengthy QT interval. [7] It results in an increased risk of an irregular heartbeat which can result in fainting, drowning, seizures, or sudden death. [1]
Erythromycin is an antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [1] ... liver problems, prolonged QT, and allergic reactions. [1]
QT interval dispersion (QTd) is the maximum QT interval minus the minimum QT interval, and is linked with ventricular repolarization. [40] A QTd over 80 ms is considered abnormally prolonged. [ 41 ] Increased QTd is associated with mortality in type 2 diabetes. [ 41 ]
Ventricular arrhythmia, QT-prolongation. [14] Cloforex: 1969 Germany Cardiovascular toxicity. [3] Clomacron: 1982 UK Hepatotoxicity. [3] Clometacin: 1987 France Hepatotoxicity. [3] Co-proxamol (Distalgesic) 2004 UK Risk of overdose Cyclobarbital: 1980 Norway Risk of overdose [3] Cyclofenil: 1987 France Hepatotoxicity. [3] Dantron: 1963 Canada ...
Macrolides, mainly erythromycin and clarithromycin, also have a class effect of QT prolongation, which can lead to torsades de pointes. Macrolides exhibit enterohepatic recycling ; that is, the drug is absorbed in the gut and sent to the liver, only to be excreted into the duodenum in bile from the liver.
Biological Toxins such as Diphtheria toxin [18]; Radiation Therapy is known to cause radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) [19] These agents can lead to varying degrees of cardiotoxicity, and their effects may be dose-dependent and influenced by individual factors such as pre-existing cardiovascular disease and genetic predispositions that can foster greater sensitivity to any cardiac damage.
Torsades de pointes is associated with long QT syndrome, a condition whereby prolonged QT intervals are visible on an ECG. Long QT intervals predispose the patient to an R-on-T phenomenon , wherein the R-wave, representing ventricular depolarization, occurs during the relative refractory period at the end of repolarization (represented by the ...