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Superabsorbent polymer: Polymer that can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid relative to its own mass. [5] Notes: The liquid absorbed can be water or an organic liquid. The swelling ratio of a superabsorbent polymer can reach the order of 1000:1. Superabsorbent polymers for water are frequently polyelectrolytes.
Super-absorbent polymers (SAP) similar to sodium polyacrylate were developed in the 1960s by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [3] Before the development of these substances, the best water absorbing materials were cellulosic or fiber-based like tissue paper, sponge, cotton, or fluff pulp.
He describes the five layers of a diaper, including the superabsorbent polymer in the diaper's core. He illustrates the action of this polymer with a stunning demonstration using a single bead of polymer: it soaks up enough water to grow from a diameter of 4 mm to nearly a half inch.
Adult diapers are made in various forms, including those resembling traditional child diapers, underpants, and pads resembling sanitary napkins (known as incontinence pads). Superabsorbent polymer is primarily used to absorb bodily wastes and liquids. Adult diaper
A powdery chemical absorbent called sodium polyacrylate is incorporated into the fabric of the garment. [5] [8] [13] [9] Sodium polyacrylate can absorb around 300 times its weight in distilled water. [5] [13] Assuming the astronaut urinates, the diaper would only need to be changed every eight to ten hours. [5]
Hydrated water gel, or water beads. Water crystal gel or water beads or gel beads is any gel which absorbs and contains a large amount of water.Water gel is usually in spherical form and composed of a water-absorbing superabsorbent polymer (SAP, also known as slush powder in dry form) such as a polyacrylamide (frequently sodium polyacrylate).