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The wetted perimeter is the perimeter of the cross sectional area that is "wet". [1] The length of line of the intersection of channel wetted surface with a cross sectional plane normal to the flow direction.
P is the wetted perimeter of the cross-section. More intuitively, the hydraulic diameter can be understood as a function of the hydraulic radius R H, which is defined as the cross-sectional area of the channel divided by the wetted perimeter. Here, the wetted perimeter includes all surfaces acted upon by shear stress from the fluid. [3]
This means the greater the hydraulic radius, the larger volume of water the channel can carry. Based on the 'constant shear stress at the boundary' assumption, [6] hydraulic radius is defined as the ratio of the channel's cross-sectional area of the flow to its wetted perimeter (the portion of the cross-section's perimeter that is "wet"):
The wetted perimeter for a channel is the total perimeter of all channel walls that are in contact with the flow. [12] This means that the length of the channel exposed to air is not included in the wetted perimeter.
is the hydraulic radius, which is the cross-sectional area of flow divided by the wetted perimeter (for a wide channel this is approximately equal to the water depth) [m]; is Manning's coefficient [time/length 1/3]; and; is a constant; k = 1 when using SI units and k = 1.49 when using BG units.
where is the cross sectional area of flow and is wetted perimeter. For a semicircular channel, the hydraulic radius would simply be the true radius. For an approximately rectangular channel (for simplicity in the mathematics of the explanation of the assumption), =,
Today's NYT Connections puzzle for Thursday, February 13, 2025The New York Times
For free surfaces (such as in open-channel flow), the wetted perimeter includes only the walls in contact with the fluid. [ 3 ] Similarly, in the combustion chamber of a rocket engine , the characteristic length L ∗ {\displaystyle L^{*}} is defined as the chamber volume divided by the throat area. [ 4 ]