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  2. Unspecified behavior - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unspecified_behavior

    C and C++ distinguish implementation-defined behavior from unspecified behavior. For implementation-defined behavior, the implementation must choose a particular behavior and document it. An example in C/C++ is the size of integer data types. The choice of behavior must be consistent with the documented behavior within a given execution of the ...

  3. Substitution failure is not an error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_failure_is...

    When T has the nested type foobar defined, the instantiation of the first test works and the null pointer constant is successfully passed. (And the resulting type of the expression is yes .) If it does not work, the only available function is the second test , and the resulting type of the expression is no .

  4. Error correction code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_correction_code

    A simplistic example of ECC is to transmit each data bit three times, which is known as a (3,1) repetition code. Through a noisy channel, a receiver might see eight versions of the output, see table below.

  5. Buffer overflow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflow

    Visualization of a software buffer overflow. Data is written into A, but is too large to fit within A, so it overflows into B.. In programming and information security, a buffer overflow or buffer overrun is an anomaly whereby a program writes data to a buffer beyond the buffer's allocated memory, overwriting adjacent memory locations.

  6. Sequence point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_point

    At the end of an initializer; for example, after the evaluation of 5 in the declaration int a = 5;. Between each declarator in each declarator sequence; for example, between the two evaluations of a ++ in int x = a ++, y = a ++. [8] (This is not an example of the comma operator.) After each conversion associated with an input/output format ...

  7. Bridge pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_pattern

    The Bridge design pattern is one of the twenty-three well-known GoF design patterns that describe how to solve recurring design problems to design flexible and reusable object-oriented software, that is, objects that are easier to implement, change, test, and reuse.

  8. Undefined behavior - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undefined_behavior

    It is the responsibility of the programmer to write code that never invokes undefined behavior, although compiler implementations are allowed to issue diagnostics when this happens. Compilers nowadays have flags that enable such diagnostics, for example, -fsanitize=undefined enables the "undefined behavior sanitizer" in gcc 4.9 [3] and in clang ...

  9. Pointer (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointer_(computer_programming)

    This can easily be extended to 128, 256 or 512 KiB if the address pointed to is forced to be aligned on a half-word, word or double-word boundary (but, requiring an additional "shift left" bitwise operation—by 1, 2 or 3 bits—in order to adjust the offset by a factor of 2, 4 or 8, before its addition to the base address).