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1873 Map of Chisholm Trail with Subsidiary Trails in Texas (from Kansas Historical Society). The Chisholm Trail (/ˈt͡ʃɪzəm/ CHIZ-əm) was a trail used in the post-Civil War era to drive cattle overland from ranches in southern Texas, crossed the Red River into Indian Territory, and ended at Kansas rail stops.
The Chisholm Trail was the most important route for cattle drives leading north from the vicinity of Ft. Worth, Texas, across Indian Territory (Oklahoma) to the railhead at Abilene. It was about 520 miles long and generally followed the line of the ninety-eighth meridian , but never had an exact location, as different drives took somewhat ...
Jesse Chisholm. Jesse Chisholm (circa 1805 - March 4, 1868) was a Scotch-Cherokee fur trader and merchant in the American West. Chisholm is known for having scouted and developed what became known as the Chisholm Trail, later used to drive cattle from Texas to railheads in Kansas in the post-Civil War period.
From 1875 until 1880, the Chisholm Trail, also referred to as the Eastern Trail, became a feeder route into the Western Trail. Western Trail feeder routes extended from Brownsville, Texas, through San Antonio, Bandera, Texas, and the Kerrville area. The Red River was crossed at Doan's Crossing. In 1881, Doan noted that the trail reached its ...
Margaret Heffernan Borland (April 3, 1824 – July 5, 1873) was a pioneering frontier woman who ran her own ranch, as well as handled her own herds. She made a name for herself as a cattle baron and was famous for the drive of Texas Longhorn cattle that she took up the Chisholm Trail from Texas to Wichita, Kansas, with her three surviving children and her granddaughter. [1]
After the Civil War, cattle drives began moving from south and central Texas to Kansas, and Red River Station was the last stop in Texas on the Chisolm Trail. [4] Virtually all cattle driven along the Chisolm Trail crossed at Red River Station. The town grew and citizens applied for a post office in 1873, initially naming it Salt Creek.
McCoy advertised extensively throughout Texas to encourage cattle owners to drive their cattle to market in Abilene. By 1870 thousands of Texas longhorn cattle were being driven over the Chisholm Trail to the shipping center at Abilene.
The route of US-81 was originally served by the Chisholm Trail, which was used to drive cattle from Texas to Abilene, Kansas. US-81 was established as a primary route of the U.S. highway system at the time of the system's original designation. US-81 was established through Oklahoma on December 7, 1926.