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Anaesthesia has little to no effect on brain function, unless there is an existing brain disruption. [citation needed] Barbiturates, or the drugs used to administer anaesthesia, do not affect auditory brain stem response. [34] An example of a brain disruption would be a concussion. [35]
An endoscopy is a simple procedure that allows a doctor to look inside human bodies using an instrument called an endoscope. A cutting tool can be attached to the end of the endoscope, and the apparatus can then be used to perform minor procedures such as tissue biopsies, banding of oesophageal varices or removal of polyps.
Endoscopic endonasal surgery is a minimally invasive technique used mainly in neurosurgery and otolaryngology.A neurosurgeon or an otolaryngologist, using an endoscope that is entered through the nose, fixes or removes brain defects or tumors in the anterior skull base.
This is set in motion via the adrenergic (sympathetic) outflow from the brain, but the heart is unable to meet requirements because of the low blood volume, or decreased return. A feedback response to the medulla is triggered via the afferent vagus nerve. The high (ineffective) sympathetic activity is thereby modulated by vagal (parasympathetic ...
“The only two places that blood can go when you have a nosebleed are from the front of the nose or down the back of the nose and into the throat,” says Dr. Edwards.
In this way, brain procedures are less dangerous because there is a brain mapping that shows which areas are vital to a person's life. Haemodynamic response is vital to fMRI and clinical use because through the study of blood flow we are able to examine the anatomy of the brain and effectively plan out procedures of the brain and link together ...
Endoscopy VR simulators. Virtual reality simulators are being developed for training doctors on various endoscopy skills. [24] Disposable endoscopy. Disposable endoscopy is an emerging category of endoscopic instruments. Recent developments [25] have allowed the manufacture of endoscopes inexpensive enough to be used on a single patient only ...
Asphyxiation is extremely dangerous and can quickly lead to brain damage and death. ... “You have a brief period of time where you can then reestablish blood supply or oxygen to your brain to ...