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Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid , rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide , and ethambutol for the first two months.
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, [7] is a contagious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs , but it can also affect other parts of the body. [ 1 ]
Directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS, also known as TB-DOTS) is the name given to the tuberculosis (TB) control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. [1] According to WHO, "The most cost-effective way to stop the spread of TB in communities with a high incidence is by curing it.
Tuberculosis (TB) vaccines are vaccinations intended for the prevention of tuberculosis. Immunotherapy as a defence against TB was first proposed in 1890 by Robert Koch . [ 1 ] As of 2021, the only effective tuberculosis vaccine in common use is the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, first used on humans in 1921.
It is used either along or with other anti-tuberculosis medication. [1] It is taken by mouth. [1] Side effects are those of the underlying medications. [1]
Ethambutol (EMB, E) is a medication primarily used to treat tuberculosis. [4] It is usually given in combination with other tuberculosis medications, such as isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide. [5] It may also be used to treat Mycobacterium avium complex, and Mycobacterium kansasii. [4] It is taken by mouth. [4]
Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis. [4] For active tuberculosis, it is often used together with rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and either streptomycin or ethambutol. [5] For latent tuberculosis, it is often used alone. [4]
Isoniazid/rifampicin, also known as isoniazid/rifampin, is a medication used to treat tuberculosis. [1] It is a fixed dose combination of isoniazid and rifampicin (rifampin). [1] It is used together with other antituberculosis medication. [1] It is taken by mouth. [1] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [2]