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The Coca-Cola Company briefly marketed special vending machines containing Sprite in the UK, and Coke in Singapore, which stored the bottles in a supercooled state so that their content would turn to slush upon opening. [26] Supercooling was successfully applied to organ preservation at Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School.
"Supercooling and the Mpemba effect: when hot water freezes quicker than cold" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. 63 (10): 882– 885. Bibcode:1995AmJPh..63..882A. doi:10.1119/1.18059. Auerbach attributes the Mpemba effect to differences in the behaviour of supercooled formerly hot water and formerly cold water. Chown, Marcus (June 2006).
Water is a polar molecule, where the centers of positive and negative charge are separated; so molecules will align with an electric field.The extensive hydrogen bonded network in water tends to oppose this alignment, and the degree of alignment is measured by the relative permittivity.
In condensed matter physics and physical chemistry, the terms viscous liquid, supercooled liquid, and glass forming liquid are often used interchangeably to designate liquids that are at the same time highly viscous (see Viscosity of amorphous materials), can be or are supercooled, and able to form a glass.
Supercooled liquid water must become ice at −48 °C (−54 °F), not just because of the extreme cold, but because the molecular structure of water changes physically to form tetrahedron shapes, with each water molecule loosely bonded to four others. [11] This suggests the structural change from liquid to "intermediate ice". [11]
Superheating can occur when an undisturbed container of water is heated in a microwave oven.At the time the container is removed, the lack of nucleation sites prevents boiling, leaving the surface calm.