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Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive spherically shaped bacterium, a member of the Bacillota, and is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin. It is often positive for catalase and nitrate reduction and is a facultative anaerobe, meaning that it can grow without oxygen. [1]
Accessory gene regulator (agr) is a complex 5 gene locus that is a global regulator of virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. [1] [2] [3] It encodes a two-component transcriptional quorum-sensing (QS) system activated by an autoinducing, thiolactone-containing cyclic peptide (AIP).
Boundaries were determined by RACE mapping in Staphylococcus aureus N315. Taken from Marchais et al., 2010 [6] created in Varna. [7] RsaE is found in other members of the genus Staphylococcus such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus and is the only Rsa RNA to be found outside of this genus, in Macrococcus caseolyticus ...
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a group of gram-positive bacteria that are genetically distinct from other strains of Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA is responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans. It caused more than 100,000 deaths worldwide attributable to antimicrobial resistance in 2019.
Protein A is a 42 kDa surface protein originally found in the cell wall of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus.It is encoded by the spa gene and its regulation is controlled by DNA topology, cellular osmolarity, and a two-component system called ArlS-ArlR.
Staphopain A expressed from the gene scpA within the scp operon. The operon also contains the gene scpB for staphostatin A (specific inhibitor of staphopain A), downstream of scpA. [3] [4] Staphopain A is largely co-expressed with the other three major proteases of S. aureus: aureolysin, glutamyl endopeptidase, and staphopain B.
Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) is a superantigen with a size of 22 kDa [1] produced by 5 to 25% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. It causes toxic shock syndrome (TSS) by stimulating the release of large amounts of interleukin-1, interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor. In general, the toxin is not produced by bacteria growing in the ...
RNAIII is a stable 514 nt regulatory RNA transcribed by the P3 promoter of the Staphylococcus aureus quorum-sensing agr system [1] [2]).It is the major effector of the agr regulon, which controls the expression of many S. aureus genes encoding exoproteins and cell wall associated proteins plus others encoding regulatory proteins [3] [4] The RNAIII transcript also encodes the 26 amino acid δ ...