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An ultra low temperature (ULT) freezer is a refrigerator that stores contents at −80 to −86 °C (−112 to −123 °F). [1] An ultra low temperature freezer is commonly referred to as a "minus 80 freezer" or a "negative 80 freezer", referring to the most common temperature standard. [2] ULT freezers come in upright and chest freezer formats.
A solar-powered refrigerator is a refrigerator which runs on energy directly provided by sun, and may include photovoltaic or solar thermal energy. Solar-powered refrigerators are able to keep perishable goods such as meat and dairy cool in hot climates and are used to keep much-needed vaccines at their appropriate temperature to avoid spoilage.
In the early 1990s a competition was held among the major US manufacturers to encourage energy efficiency. [39] Current US models that are Energy Star qualified use 50% less energy than the average 1974 model used. [40] The most energy-efficient unit made in the US consumes about half a kilowatt-hour per day (equivalent to 20 W continuously). [41]
Inside the freezer, the product travels through the freezing zone and exits the other side. Product transport inside the freezer uses different technologies. Some freezers use transport belts similar to a conveyor belt. Others use bed plates that hold the product, and an asymmetrical movement makes the plate advance by itself through the ...
Small domestic refrigerators are however much less efficient. [32] In 2014 giant anisotropic behavior of the magnetocaloric effect was found in HoMn 2 O 5 at 10 K. The anisotropy of the magnetic entropy change gives rise to a large rotating MCE offering the possibility to build simplified, compact, and efficient magnetic cooling systems by ...
At the 2007 TED Conference, Adam Grosser presented his research of a new, very small, "intermittent absorption" vaccine refrigeration unit for use in third world countries. The refrigerator is a small unit placed over a campfire, that can later be used to cool 15 litres (3.3 imp gal; 4.0 US gal) of water to just above freezing for 24 hours in a ...
The total primary energy consumption of the Philippines in 2012 was 30.2 Mtoe (million Tonnes of oil equivalent), [2] most of which came from fossil fuels.Electricity consumption in 2010 was 64.52 TWh, of which almost two-thirds came from fossil fuels, 21% from hydroelectric plants, and 13% from other renewable sources.
The two were motivated by contemporary newspaper reports of a Berlin family who had been killed when a seal in their refrigerator failed and leaked toxic fumes into their home. Einstein and Szilárd proposed that a device without moving parts would eliminate the potential for seal failure, and explored practical applications for different ...