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While commonly in the form of dietary supplements, nutraceuticals or energy drinks, [2] some nootropic compounds are prescription and non-prescription drugs in various countries. In the United States, nootropics are commonly advertised with unproven claims of effectiveness for improving cognition.
Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medicines sold directly to a consumer without a requirement for a prescription from a healthcare professional, [1] as opposed to prescription drugs, which may be supplied only to consumers possessing a valid prescription. In many countries, OTC drugs are selected by a regulatory agency to ensure that they ...
Previously many drugs had been sold as patent medicines with secret ingredients or misleading labels. Cocaine, heroin, cannabis, and other such drugs continued to be legally available without prescription as long as they were labeled. It is estimated that sale of patent medicines containing opiates decreased by 33% after labeling was mandated. [11]
An International Nonproprietary Name (INN) is an official generic and nonproprietary name given to a pharmaceutical substance or an active ingredient. [1] INNs are intended to make communication more precise by providing a unique standard name for each active ingredient, to avoid prescribing errors. [2]
A list of 77 monitored drugs was published in 2011. [3] In mid-December 2014, Health Insurance posted on www.data.gouv.fr 112 sets of open data, certified health data relating to the supply and consumption of healthcare in France, in order to improve transparency. drug prescription, traceability of active ingredients and their date of marketing ...
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 80 percent of the population of some Asian and African countries presently uses herbal medicine for some aspect of primary health care. [15] Some prescription drugs have a basis as herbal remedies, including artemisinin, [16] digitalis, quinine and taxanes.
Photo of the packaging of four medicines registered in the UK, showing their Product Licence Numbers and symbols denoting if they are Prescription Only Medicine (POM) or Pharmacy Medicine (P) A prescription drug (also prescription medication, prescription medicine or prescription-only medication) is a pharmaceutical drug that is permitted to be ...
A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Drug therapy ( pharmacotherapy ) is an important part of the medical field and relies on the science of pharmacology for continual advancement and on pharmacy for ...