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The New South Wales Aboriginal Languages Act 2017 became law on 24 October 2017 and established a board to advise on the preservation of Aboriginal languages that is known as the Aboriginal Languages Trust. [39] It was the first legislation in Australia to acknowledge the significance of first languages. [40]
Aboriginal Australia map, a guide to Aboriginal language, tribal and nation groups published by AIATSIS; AUSTLANG Australian Indigenous Languages Database at AIATSIS; Australian language family trees; Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages Editor: David Nathan; South Australian Museum
Some Aboriginal people, especially those living in remote areas, are multi-lingual. [52] Many of the original 250–400 Aboriginal languages (more than 250 languages and about 800 dialectal varieties on the continent) are endangered or extinct, [54] although some efforts are being made at language revival for some.
The indigenous language spoken mainly in the western and central islands is Kalaw Lagaw Ya, a language related to the Pama–Nyungan languages of the Australian mainland. The other indigenous language spoken mainly in the eastern islands is Meriam Mir : a member of the Trans-Fly languages spoken on the nearby south coast of New Guinea and the ...
Many Australian Aboriginal cultures have or traditionally had a manually coded language, a signed counterpart of their oral language. This appears to be connected with various speech taboos between certain kin or at particular times, such as during a mourning period for women or during initiation ceremonies for men.
Australian Aboriginal English (AAE or AbE) is a set of dialects of the English language used by a large section of the Indigenous Australian (Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander) population as a result of the colonisation of Australia. [2]
The Aboriginal Language and Culture Nest project in NSW draws together communities with a common language to create opportunities to "revitalise, reclaim and maintain traditional languages". [14] There are Aboriginal Language and Culture Nests that focus on the Bundjalung, Gamilaraay, Gumbaynggirr, Wiradjuri and Paakantji/Baarkintji languages. [14]
The National Indigenous Languages Survey (NILS) for 2018-19 found that more than 120 Indigenous language varieties were in use or being revived, although 70 of those in use are endangered. [23] The 2021 census found that 167 Indigenous languages were spoken at home by 76,978 Indigenous Australians. [ 24 ]