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Group A had 90 fetuses of 9–12 weeks of gestation and the weight varied between 1-14 grams. Group B had 337 fetuses, age 13–16 weeks of gestation with weight variation between 15 and 105 grams whereas the third group had 435 fetuses of 17–20 weeks of gestation with a weight range between 106 and 310 grams.
Some degree of weight gain is expected during pregnancy. The enlarging uterus, growing fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, normal increase in body fat, and increase in water retention all contribute weight gain during pregnancy. The amount of weight gain can vary from 5 pounds (2.3 kg) to over 100 pounds (45 kg).
According to the WHO, a preterm birth is defined as "babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed." [20] According to this classification, there are three sub-categories of preterm birth, based on gestational age: extremely preterm (fewer than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks), moderate to late preterm (32 to 37 weeks). [20]
A slow growth rate and preterm birth are the two factors that can cause a low birth weight. Low birth weight (below 2000 grams) can slightly increase the likelihood of schizophrenia. [27] The growth rate can be roughly correlated with the fundal height of the uterus which can be estimated by abdominal palpation.
Recent evidence has indicated that CRL growth (and thus the approximation of gestational age) may be influenced by maternal factors such as age, smoking, and folic acid intake. Early in pregnancy gestational age 8 weeks, it is accurate within about +/- 5 days but later in pregnancy due to different growth rates, the accuracy is less. In that ...
A preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is defined as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. [40] There are three types of preterm births: extremely preterm (less than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks) and moderate to late preterm (32 to 37 weeks). [40]
Although early reduction of placental development is not accompanied by concurrent reduction of fetal growth; [42] it tends to limit fetal growth later in gestation. Normally, ovine placental mass increases until about day 70 of gestation, [45] but high demand on the placenta for fetal growth occurs later. (For example, research results suggest ...
Low pre-pregnancy BMI increases the risk of low birth weight infants, but the risk can be balanced by an appropriate gestational weight gain from 12.5 to 18.0 kilograms in total, or about 0.5 kilogram each week in the second and third trimesters.