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One of the configurations of the solid cone spray nozzle is shown in a schematic diagram. A swirling liquid motion is induced with the vane structure, however; the discharge flow fills the entire outlet orifice. For the same capacity and pressure drop, a full cone nozzle will produce a larger drop size than a hollow cone nozzle.
These nozzles also feature large and unobstructed flow passages, which provide a relatively high resistance to clogging. Hollow cone nozzles provide the smallest drop size distributions. The relative range of drop sizes tends to be narrower than other hydraulic styles. The hollow cone pattern is also achievable by the spiral design of nozzle.
Atomizer nozzles are used for spray painting, perfumes, carburetors for internal combustion engines, spray on deodorants, antiperspirants and many other similar uses. Air-aspirating nozzles use an opening in the cone shaped nozzle to inject air into a stream of water based foam (CAFS/AFFF/FFFP) to make the concentrate "foam up". Most commonly ...
Diagram of a de Laval nozzle, showing approximate flow velocity (v), together with the effect on temperature (T) and pressure (p) A de Laval nozzle (or convergent-divergent nozzle , CD nozzle or con-di nozzle ) is a tube which is pinched in the middle, with a rapid convergence and gradual divergence.
This type of inlet cone is clearly seen at the very front of the English Electric Lightning and MiG-21 aircraft, for example. The same approach can be used for air intakes mounted at the side of the fuselage, where a half cone serves the same purpose with a semicircular air intake, as seen on the F-104 Starfighter and BAC TSR-2.
Various devices exist to generate sprays, such as atomizers, sprayers, nozzles, and applicators. Sprays are typically generated by producing a high speed difference between the phase of gases and the liquid to be atomized. These devices achieve this atomization by releasing the liquid at very high speed into the unagitated air. The liquid can ...
Controlled flow-separation nozzles include: expanding nozzle, bell nozzles with a removable insert, stepped nozzles, or dual-bell nozzles. [12] These are generally very similar to bell nozzles but include an insert or mechanism by which the exit area ratio can be increased as ambient pressure is reduced. Dual-mode nozzles include: dual-expander ...
A fog nozzle. A fog nozzle is a firefighting hose spray nozzle that breaks its stream into small droplets.By doing so, its stream achieves a greater surface area, and thus a greater rate of heat absorption, which, when compared to that of a smoothbore nozzle, speeds its transformation into the steam that smothers the fire by displacing its oxygen.