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Land cover is the physical material at the land surface of Earth. Land covers include flora , concrete , built structures, bare ground, and temporary water . Earth cover is the expression used by ecologist Frederick Edward Clements that has its closest modern equivalent being vegetation .
A supervised classification is a system of classification in which the user builds a series of randomly generated training datasets or spectral signatures representing different land-use and land-cover (LULC) classes and applies these datasets in machine learning models to predict and spatially classify LULC patterns and evaluate classification accuracies.
Land is often defined as the solid, dry surface of Earth. [1] The word land may also collectively refer the collective natural resources of Earth, [2] including its land cover, rivers, shallow lakes, its biosphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere (troposphere), groundwater reserves, and the physical results of human activity on land, such as architecture and agriculture. [3]
Land-cover definitions define forests based upon the density of trees, area of tree canopy cover, or area of the land occupied by the cross-section of tree trunks meeting a particular threshold. [21] This type of definition depends upon the presence of trees sufficient to meet the threshold, or at least of immature trees that are expected to ...
Human activity is the most significant cause of land cover change, and humans are also directly impacted by the environmental consequences of these changes. [9] For example, deforestation (the systematic and permanent conversion of previously forested land for other uses) has historically been a primary facilitator of land use and land cover ...
Land cover, on the other hand, is defined as the different features that cover the land, such as water, forest, other types of vegetation, bare rocks or sand, man-made structures, etc. In general, these are the traits that can be directly observed in aerial photographs and frequently in satellite images.
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Forest cover is the amount of trees that covers a particular area of land. It may be measured as relative (in percent) or absolute (in square kilometres/square miles).Nearly a third of the world's land surface is covered with forest, with closed-canopy forest accounting for 4 - 5 billion hectares of land. [1]