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An oroantral fistula (OAF) is an epithelialized oroantral communication (OAC), which refers to an abnormal connection between the oral cavity and the antrum. [1] The creation of an OAC is most commonly due to the extraction of a maxillary tooth (typically a maxillary first molar) which is closely related to the antral floor.
Oral–antral communication [ edit ] A variant of the Valsalva maneuver is used to aid diagnosis of oral–antral communication, i.e., the existence of a connection between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus .
The palatal lift however, is used when there is not enough palatal movement. It raises the palate and reduces the range of movement necessary to provide adequate closure to separate the nasal cavity from the oral cavity. Speech bulbs and palatal lifts aid in velopharyngeal closure and do not obturate a fistula. A speech bulb, yet another type ...
[10] An OAC that is smaller than 2mm can heal spontaneously i.e. closure of the opening. [11] Those that are larger than 2mm have a higher chance of developing into oro-antral fistula (OAF). [11] The passage is only defined as an OAF if it is persistent and lined by epithelium. [11]
Xray showing a sinus lift in the left upper jaw Sinus lift surgery, 3D Illustration. Maxillary sinus floor augmentation [1] (also known as a sinus lift, sinus graft, sinus augmentation, or sinus procedure) is a surgical procedure that aims to increase the amount of bone in the posterior maxilla, in the area of the premolar and molar teeth by lifting the lower sinus membrane and placing a bone ...
Oromandibular dystonia is characterized by involuntary spasms of the tongue, jaw, and mouth muscles that result in bruxism, or grinding of the teeth, and jaw closure. These conditions frequently lead to secondary dental wear as well as temporomandibular joint syndrome. In addition, problems with chewing, speaking, and swallowing may result from ...
Prostheses are used for nonsurgical closure in a situation of velopharyngeal dysfunction. [ 2 ] [ 30 ] There are two types of prosthesis: the speech bulb and the palatal lift prosthesis . [ 2 ] The speech bulb is an acrylic body that can be placed in the velopharyngeal port and can achieve obstruction.
The approach is mainly from the anterior wall of the maxilla bone. It was introduced by George Caldwell (1893)and Henry Luc (1897). The maxillary sinus is entered from two separate openings, one in the canine fossa to gain access to the antrum and other in the naso antral wall for drainage. [1]