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Benzamide is an organic compound with the chemical formula of C 7 H 7 NO. It is the simplest amide derivative of benzoic acid. In powdered form, it appears as a white solid, while in crystalline form, it appears as colourless crystals. [5] It is slightly soluble in water, [2] and soluble in many organic solvents. [6]
Pauling's second rule is that the value of the first pK a for acids of the formula XO m (OH) n depends primarily on the number of oxo groups m, and is approximately independent of the number of hydroxy groups n, and also of the central atom X. Approximate values of pK a are 8 for m = 0, 2 for m = 1, −3 for m = 2 and < −10 for m = 3. [28]
Hammett plots may not always be perfectly linear. For instance, a curve may show a sudden change in slope, or ρ value. In such a case, it is likely that the mechanism of the reaction changes upon adding a different substituent. Other deviations from linearity may be due to a change in the position of the transition state.
In chemistry and biochemistry, the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation = + ([] []) relates the pH of a chemical solution of a weak acid to the numerical value of the acid dissociation constant, K a, of acid and the ratio of the concentrations, [] [] of the acid and its conjugate base in an equilibrium.
2,4,6-Trinitrobenzoic acid (TNBA) is an organic compound with the formula (O 2 N) 3 C 6 H 2 CO 2 H. It is a high explosive nitrated derivative of benzoic acid . Preparation and reactions
The values for the octanol-water system in the following table are from the Dortmund Data Bank. [ 15 ] [ better source needed ] They are sorted by the partition coefficient, smallest to largest (acetamide being hydrophilic, and 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl lipophilic), and are presented with the temperature at which they were measured (which ...
The concentration of water, [H 2 O], is omitted by convention, which means that the value of K w differs from the value of K eq that would be computed using that concentration. The value of K w varies with temperature, as shown in the table below. This variation must be taken into account when making precise measurements of quantities such as pH.
Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value. It is a common undergraduate preparation. Benzoic acid can be purified by recrystallization from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic ...