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French language map of Ruanda-Urundi, c. 1929–1938 Both Rwanda and Burundi were assigned to the German Empire in the Berlin Conference of 1884–85. [9] Germany did not rule over the kingdoms themselves, but instead chose to rule indirectly through their monarchies, [6] making them the westernmost part of the German East Africa colony.
Burundi originated in the 16th century as a small kingdom in the African Great Lakes region. After European contact, it was united with the Kingdom of Rwanda, becoming the colony of Ruanda-Urundi - first colonised by Germany and then by Belgium.
Ruanda-Urundi (French pronunciation: [ʁwɑ̃da uʁundi]), [a] later Rwanda-Burundi, was a geopolitical entity, once part of German East Africa, that was occupied by troops from the Belgian Congo during the East African campaign in World War I and was administered by Belgium under military occupation from 1916 to 1922.
Rwanda was created as a republic governed by the majority MDR-Parmehutu, which had gained full control of national politics. In 1963, a Tutsi guerrilla invasion into Rwanda from Burundi unleashed another anti-Tutsi backlash by the Hutu government; their forces killed an estimated 14,000 people.
German East Africa (GEA; German: Deutsch-Ostafrika) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Mozambique.
Burundi and Rwanda were joined into the League of Nations mandate of Ruanda-Urundi, governed by Belgium. [1] 1962: 1 July: Burundi received independence from Belgium. [1] 1965: 15 January: Prime Minister Pierre Ngendandumwe was assassinated by a Rwandan Tutsi. 1966: 28 November: Michel Micombero became the first President of Burundi. 1972: 27 April
Burundi’s president on Friday accused Rwanda of funding and training rebels behind an attack last week on the village of Gatumba, close to Burundi’s border with Congo, that killed at least 20 ...
The Kingdom of Burundi was led by the mwami who presided over a large and powerful aristocracy. Before Burundi's colonization, the kingdom was highly decentralized; though this number fluctuated, on average there were 220 powerful noble lineages. [36] The regional elite often held wide independence under the nominal overlordship of the mwami. [6]