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Engineered TiO 2 nanoparticles are also used in light-emitting diodes and solar cells. [6]: 82 In addition, the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 can be used to decompose organic compounds in wastewater. [4] TiO 2 nanoparticle products are sometimes coated with silica or alumina, or doped with another metal for specific applications. [6]: 2 [10]
Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania / t aɪ ˈ t eɪ n i ə /, is the inorganic compound derived from titanium with the chemical formula TiO 2.When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. [4]
The health and safety hazards of nanomaterials include the potential toxicity of various types of nanomaterials, as well as fire and dust explosion hazards. Because nanotechnology is a recent development, the health and safety effects of exposures to nanomaterials, and what levels of exposure may be acceptable, are subjects of ongoing research.
The reason why mechanical properties of nanomaterials are still a hot topic for research is that measuring the mechanical properties of individual nanoparticles is a complicated method, involving multiple control factors. Nonetheless, Atomic force microscopy has been widely used to measure the mechanical properties of nanomaterials.
Nanoparticles differ in their physical properties such as size, shape, and dispersion, which must be measured to fully describe them. The characterization of nanoparticles is a branch of nanometrology that deals with the characterization, or measurement, of the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles.,. [1]
Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials. [1] Because of quantum size effects and large surface area to volume ratio, nanomaterials have unique properties compared with their larger counterparts that affect their toxicity.
An example of this has occurred in the US, and involves nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) for use in sunscreen where they create a clearer cosmetic appearance. In this case, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviewed the immediate health effects of exposure to nanoparticles of TiO 2 for consumers.
The small size of nanoparticles gives them with properties that can be very useful in oncology, particularly in imaging. [10] Quantum dots (nanoparticles with quantum confinement properties, such as size-tunable light emission), when used in conjunction with MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), can produce exceptional images of tumor sites.