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Genetic basis of Dog Personality Traits: in different genomes of dogs, several SNPs are found close to genes with known neurological or behavioral functions. The TH (tyrosin hydroxylase) gene, whose product is LDOPA , the precursor of the neurotransmitter dopamine, is located 1 Mb from the SNP on CFA18 associated with agitated behaviour.
For example, the German Shepherd Dog national breed club in Germany recognizes that hip dysplasia is a genetic defect for dogs of this breed. Accordingly, it requires all dogs to pass evaluation for absence of hip dysplasia to register their progeny, and records the results in individual dog's pedigrees.
Genetic studies indicate that the grey wolf is the closest living relative of the dog. [5] [16] Attempting to reconstruct the dog's lineage through the phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from modern dogs and wolves has given conflicting results for several reasons.
Montage showing the morphological variation of the dog. A dog breed is a particular type of dog that was purposefully bred by humans to perform specific tasks, such as herding, hunting, and guarding. Dogs are the most variable mammal on Earth, with artificial selection producing upward of 360 globally recognized breeds. [1]
Males have a propensity to be larger than females of a comparable age but it is unclear whether the size increase is due to a growth spurt at the time of the sexual transition or due to the history of faster growth in sex changing individuals. [57] Larger males are able to stifle the growth of females and control environmental resources.
Genetic variation can be identified at many levels. Identifying genetic variation is possible from observations of phenotypic variation in either quantitative traits (traits that vary continuously and are coded for by many genes, e.g., leg length in dogs) or discrete traits (traits that fall into discrete categories and are coded for by one or a few genes, e.g., white, pink, or red petal color ...
genetic variation The genetic differences both within and between populations, species, or other groups of organisms. It is often visualized as the variety of different alleles in the gene pools of different populations. genetic variability. Sometimes used interchangeably with genetic variation.
Dogs have a wide range of coat colors, patterns, textures and lengths. [1] Dog coat color is governed by how genes are passed from dogs to their puppies and how those genes are expressed in each dog. Dogs have about 19,000 genes in their genome [2] but only a handful affect the physical variations in their coats. Most genes come in pairs, one ...