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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
Rebar has been placed atop a temporary wooden formwork deck prior to pouring concrete. The large horizontal rebar "cages" will be encased within a beam, while several thick vertical rebar stubs will stick out of the pour to form the base of a future column. Concrete is a material that is very strong in compression, but relatively weak in tension.
Before the rebar cage is placed in the hole, the CSL access tubes are attached to the interior of the rebar cage. The cage is then lowered into the hole and the concrete is placed. Steel CSL tubes are preferred over PVC tubes because studies have shown that PVC tubes tend to debond from the concrete due to the heat of hydration process of ...
Initial work consisted of assembling rebar cages for the bridge columns and pouring concrete. [7] In August 2015, temporary cofferdams were erected to excavate sand to construct the bridge's structural supports. [8] By the end of October 2015, the work on the piles had ended and the rebar skeletons of the 16 columns had been erected. [9]
When a concrete structure is designed, it is usual to specify the concrete cover for the rebar (the depth of the rebar within the object). The minimum concrete cover is normally regulated by design or building codes. If the reinforcement is too close to the surface, early failure due to corrosion may occur.
Once several bridge piers are complete, support brackets are attached to adjacent piers and the main parallel girders of the MSS are lifted in place to support the scaffold and concrete forms. Jacks are used to raise the girders and forms and the concrete is poured for the segment (or span) after rebar is placed. After the concrete has cured ...