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When DNA is the biomarker, SIP can be performed using isotopically labeled C, H, O, or N, though 13 C is used most often. The density shift is proportional to the change in density in the DNA, which depends on the difference in mass between the rare and common isotopes for a given element, and on the abundance of elements in the DNA.
Example of AFLP data from a capillary electrophoresis instrument. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP-PCR or AFLP) is a PCR-based tool used in genetics research, DNA fingerprinting, and in the practice of genetic engineering.
Immunoprecipitation (IP) is the technique of precipitating a protein antigen out of solution using an antibody that specifically binds to that particular protein. This process can be used to isolate and concentrate a particular protein from a sample containing many thousands of different proteins.
The typical ChIP assay usually takes 4–5 days and requires 10 6 ~ 10 7 cells at least. Now new techniques on ChIP could be achieved as few as 100~1000 cells and completed within one day. Bead-free ChIP: This novel method ChIP uses discs of inert, porous polymer functionalized with either Protein A or G in spin columns or microplates. The ...
The fluorochrome-based TUNEL assay applicable for flow cytometry, combining the detection of DNA strand breaks with respect to the cell cycle-phase position, was originally developed by Gorczyca et al. [4] Concurrently, the avidin-peroxidase labeling assay applicable for light absorption microscope was described by Gavrieli et al. [5] Since 1992 the TUNEL has become one of the main methods for ...
The human disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a genetic mutation in the codon for the sixth amino acid of the blood protein beta-hemoglobin.The normal DNA sequence G-A-G codes for the amino acid glutamate, while the mutation changes the middle adenine to a thymine, leading to the sequence G-T-G (G-U-G in the mRNA).
Multiplex analysis Although each probe examines one specific genomic locus, multiple probes can be combined into a single tube for multiplexed assay that simultaneously examines multiple loci. Currently, multiplexed MIP analysis can examine more than 55,000 loci in a single assay.
PARP is composed of four domains of interest: a DNA-binding domain, a caspase-cleaved domain (see below), an auto-modification domain, and a catalytic domain.The DNA-binding domain is composed of two zinc finger motifs.