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In computer programming, a collection is an abstract data type that is a grouping of items that can be used in a polymorphic way. Often, the items are of the same data type such as int or string . Sometimes the items derive from a common type; even deriving from the most general type of a programming language such as object or variant .
Collection implementations in pre-JDK 1.2 versions of the Java platform included few data structure classes, but did not contain a collections framework. [4] The standard methods for grouping Java objects were via the array, the Vector, and the Hashtable classes, which unfortunately were not easy to extend, and did not implement a standard member interface.
The Java collections framework supports generics to specify the type of objects stored in a collection instance. In 1998, Gilad Bracha, Martin Odersky, David Stoutamire and Philip Wadler created Generic Java, an extension to the Java language to support generic types. [4] Generic Java was incorporated in Java with the addition of wildcards.
He led the design and implementation of numerous Java platform features, including the Java Collections Framework, the java.math package, and the assert mechanism. [1] He is the author of the programming guide Effective Java (2001), which won the 2001 Jolt Award , [ 2 ] and is a co-author of two other Java books, Java Puzzlers (2005) and Java ...
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, [1] which can contain data and code: data in the form of fields (often known as attributes or properties), and code in the form of procedures (often known as methods).
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The Java Collections Framework (JCF) is a set of classes and interfaces that implement commonly reusable collection data structures. Java Media Framework: The Java Media Framework (JMF) is a Java library that enables audio, video and other time-based media to be added to Java applications and applets. Java Topology suite: Java Topology Suite ...
Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere (), [16] meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile. [17]