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Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid: . Pb(NO 3) 2 + HClO 4 → Pb(ClO 4) 2 + HNO 3. The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate.
A 2010 study has discovered the presence of natural chlorate deposits around the world, with relatively high concentrations found in arid and hyper-arid regions. [2] The chlorate was also measured in rainfall samples with the amount of chlorate similar to perchlorate. It is suspected that chlorate and perchlorate may share a common natural ...
A basic chloride of lead, PbCl 2 ·Pb(OH) 2, is known as Pattinson's white lead and is used as pigment in white paint. [17] Lead paint is now banned as a health hazard in many countries by the White Lead (Painting) Convention, 1921. PbCl 2 is an intermediate in refining bismuth (Bi) ore.
A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate).As counterions, there can be metal cations, quaternary ammonium cations or other ions, for example, nitronium cation (NO + 2).
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
• the turquoise nickel cation Ni 2+ from NiCl 2 • the blue copper cation Cu 2+ from CuSO 4 • the purple manganese oxyanion MnO − 4 from KMnO 4 . This table lists the ionic species that are most likely to be present, depending on pH, in aqueous solutions of binary salts of metal ions.
It dissolves in nitric acid with the evolution of nitric oxide gas to form dissolved Pb(NO 3) 2. 3 Pb + 8 H + + 8 NO − 3 → 3 Pb 2+ + 6 NO − 3 + 2 NO + 4 H 2 O. When heated with nitrates of alkali metals, metallic lead oxidizes to form PbO (also known as litharge), leaving the corresponding alkali nitrite. PbO is representative of lead's ...
It is then converted to the ammonium salt (NH 4) 2 PbCl 6 by adding ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl). Finally, the solution is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4, to separate out lead tetrachloride. This series of reactions is conducted at 0 °C. The following equations illustrate the reaction: PbCl 2 + 2HCl + Cl 2 → H 2 PbCl 6