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While the eye is a relatively protected environment, its immune mechanisms may be overcome resulting in inflammation and tissue destruction associated with T-cell activation. Uveitis is an ophthalmic emergency that requires urgent control of the inflammation to prevent vision loss.
There is no inflammation in the front of the eye (anterior chamber) or vitreous (the clear jelly inside the eye). This is an important distinguishing feature of PIC. • It usually affects both eyes. • The appearance of gray-white or yellow punctate (punched out) areas (lesions) at the level of the inner choroid. These lesions are typically ...
Chorioretinitis is an inflammation of the choroid (thin pigmented vascular coat of the eye) and retina of the eye. It is a form of posterior uveitis. Inflammation of these layers can lead to vision-threatening complications. If only the choroid is inflamed, not the retina, the condition is termed choroiditis. [1]
In many cases the cause of panuveitis is unknown. [5] Possible causes include exogenous or endogenous infection, injury, or an autoimmune disease. Endogenous infections caused by syphilis, tuberculosis, mumps, smallpox, influenza, toxoplasmosis, lupus, sarcoidosis, and immune-related inflammations such as Behcet syndrome or Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease causes panuveitis.
Orbital cellulitis is inflammation of eye tissues behind the orbital septum. It is most commonly caused by an acute spread of infection into the eye socket from either the adjacent sinuses or through the blood. It may also occur after trauma. When it affects the rear of the eye, it is known as retro-orbital cellulitis.
The disease is characterized by vitritis and anterior chamber inflammation. Decreased vision due to vitreous inflammation may occur. Unlike multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, multifocal choroiditis is a chronic disorder and macular scarring contributes to severe visual loss.