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For instance, AFL is a dumb mutation-based fuzzer that modifies a seed file by flipping random bits, by substituting random bytes with "interesting" values, and by moving or deleting blocks of data. However, a dumb fuzzer might generate a lower proportion of valid inputs and stress the parser code rather than the main components of a program.
Lavarand, also known as the Wall of Entropy, is a hardware random number generator designed by Silicon Graphics that worked by taking pictures of the patterns made by the floating material in lava lamps, extracting random data from the pictures, and using the result to seed a pseudorandom number generator.
The system automatically uses hardware random number generators (such as those provided on some Intel PCI hubs) if they are available, through the OpenBSD Cryptographic Framework. [23] [24] /dev/arandom was removed in OpenBSD 6.3 (April 15, 2018). [25] NetBSD's implementation of the legacy arc4random() API has been switched over to ChaCha20 as ...
In computing, entropy is the randomness collected by an operating system or application for use in cryptography or other uses that require random data. This randomness is often collected from hardware sources (variance in fan noise or HDD), either pre-existing ones such as mouse movements or specially provided randomness generators.
The Linux kernel CSPRNG, which uses ChaCha20 to generate data, [12] and BLAKE2s to ingest entropy. [13] arc4random, a CSPRNG in Unix-like systems that seeds from /dev/random. It originally is based on RC4, but all main implementations now use ChaCha20. [14] [15] [16] CryptGenRandom, part of Microsoft's CryptoAPI, offered on Windows. Different ...
Fortuna is a family of secure PRNGs; its design leaves some choices open to implementors. It is composed of the following pieces: The generator itself, which once seeded will produce an indefinite quantity of pseudo-random data.
These approaches combine a pseudo-random number generator (often in the form of a block or stream cipher) with an external source of randomness (e.g., mouse movements, delay between keyboard presses etc.). /dev/random – Unix-like systems; CryptGenRandom – Microsoft Windows; Fortuna
CryptGenRandom is a deprecated [1] cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator function that is included in Microsoft CryptoAPI.In Win32 programs, Microsoft recommends its use anywhere random number generation is needed.