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Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975. Millions of people around the world watched on television as an American Apollo spacecraft docked with a Soviet Soyuz capsule.
The mission was launched on 15 July 1975, with the Soyuz returning on 21 July and Apollo on 24 July. On 5 April, Soyuz 7K-T 39 aborted after the second and third stages failed to separate, with the crew pulling over 21 g on a ballistic reentry. On 19 April, the first Indian satellite, Aryabhatta, was launched on a Soviet Kosmos-3M.
1975 July 15 USSR USA First multinational human-crewed mission [a] Soyuz 19 Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: 1975 October 20 USSR First spacecraft to orbit Venus (the orbiter) First view and clear photograph from and of the surface of another planet (the lander) Venera 9: 1979 September 1 USA First Saturn flyby Pioneer 11
In March 1972, he was medically cleared to fly and was the docking module pilot of the 1975 Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). Slayton continued to work at NASA until 1982. He also helped develop the Space Shuttle. Slayton died from brain cancer on June 13, 1993, aged 69.
In 1969, he commanded Apollo 10, the second crewed mission to orbit the Moon. Here, he and Gene Cernan became the first to fly an Apollo Lunar Module in lunar orbit, descending to an altitude of nine miles (fourteen kilometres). In 1975, Stafford was the commander of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) flight, the first joint U.S.-Soviet space ...
Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP, 1975), first docking between the two competitor states, testing shared docking systems enabling future cooperation programs away from the competition. [ 45 ] Space Shuttle (US) docked to Mir (USSR/Russia) (1995), both products of the ending competition, joined in the Shuttle-Mir program (1993–1998) which ...
Soyuz 7K-T No.39: USSR 5 April 1975 International docking: Thomas P. Stafford, Vance D. Brand, Donald K. Slayton – USA. Alexei Leonov, Valeri Kubasov – USSR. Apollo–Soyuz: USA USSR 17 July 1975 Crew to visit occupied space station Vladimir Dzhanibekov, Oleg Makarov: Soyuz 27 visits Salyut 6 EO-1 crew USSR 10 January 1978 – 16 January 1978
24 July 1975: Apollo–Soyuz: During final descent and parachute deployment, the U.S. crew were exposed to 300 μL/L of toxic nitrogen tetroxide (Reaction Control System oxidizer) fumes venting from the spacecraft and reentering a cabin air intake, because a switch was left in the wrong position. 400 μL/L is fatal.