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Overall, of the 522,000 Jews living in Germany in January 1933, approximately 304,000 emigrated during the first six years of Nazi rule and about 214,000 were left on the eve of World War II. Of these, 160,000-180,000 were killed as a part of the Holocaust. On 19 May 1943, only about 20,000 Jews remained and Germany was declared judenrein. [1]
The Holocaust (/ ˈ h ɒ l ə k ɔː s t / ⓘ), [1] was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population, 8 million soviet civilians and prisoners of war, 2 million Poles, Serbs, Slovenes, and a million others ...
Perhaps the deadliest of these Holocaust-era pogroms was the Iași pogrom in Romania, in which as many as 14,000 Jews were killed by Romanian citizens, police, and military officials. By December 1941, Adolf Hitler decided to completely exterminate European Jews. [8]
Some 16,000 Austrians were killed in prison, while over 67,000 Austrian Jews were deported to death camps, only 2,000 of them lived to see the end of the war. In addition, 247,000 Austrians lost their lives serving in the army of the Third Reich or were reported missing, and 24,000 civilians were killed during bombing raids. [156]
The Holocaust—the murder of about six million Jews by Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1945—is the most-documented genocide in history. Although there is no single document which lists the names of all Jewish victims of Nazi persecution, there is conclusive evidence that about six million Jews were murdered. [ 1 ]
The number of victims includes 960,000 Jews (865,000 of whom were gassed on arrival), 74,000 non-Jewish Poles, 21,000 Romani, 15,000 Soviet prisoners of war, and up to 15,000 others. [8] Those not gassed were murdered via starvation, exhaustion, disease, individual executions, or beatings. Others were killed during medical experiments.
Up to 150,000 [dubious – discuss] men deemed to be of Jewish ancestry (60,000 "half-Jews" and 90,000 "quarter-Jews") served in the Wehrmacht during World War II despite the openly and aggressively anti-semitic policies of Nazi Germany.
Thousands of Polish Jews and non-Jews are killed by the SS-Einsatzgruppen during Operation Tannenberg. 2 September 1939 Stutthof concentration camp is established near Danzig. [38] 21 September 1939 Heydrich orders all German Jews to be shipped to Poland and for all Polish Jews to be concentrated in major cities. [38] October 1939