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MAC bacteria should always be considered in a person with HIV infection presenting with diarrhea. [citation needed] The diagnosis requires consistent symptoms with two additional signs: [citation needed] Chest X-ray or CT scan showing evidence of right middle lobe (or left lingular lobe) lung infection
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a term often used as a synonym for pneumonia but can also be applied to other types of infection including lung abscess and acute bronchitis. Symptoms include shortness of breath , weakness, fever , coughing and fatigue. [ 3 ]
HeV Infection Hendra virus infection HF Heart failure: HFA High-functioning autism: HFMD Hand, foot, and mouth disease: HFRS Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: HI Hearing impaired: HiB disease Haemophilus influenzae type B disease: HIBM Hereditary inclusion body myopathy: HMSN Type III
Bacteria typically enter the lung with inhalation, though they can reach the lung through the bloodstream if other parts of the body are infected. Often, bacteria live in parts of the upper respiratory tract and are continuously being inhaled into the alveoli , the cavities deep in the lungs where gas exchange takes place.
These bacteria cause Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infections or Mycobacterium avium complex infections in humans. [2] These bacteria are common and are found in fresh and salt water, in household dust and in soil. [3] MAC bacteria usually cause infection in those who are immunocompromised or those with severe lung disease.
Viruses that cause respiratory infections are affected by environmental conditions like relative humidity and temperature. Temperate climate winters have lower relative humidity, which is known to increase the transmission of influenza. [29] Of the viruses that cause respiratory infections in humans, most have seasonal variation in prevalence.