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  2. Cell nucleus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleus

    The main function of the cell nucleus is to control gene expression and mediate the replication of DNA during the cell cycle. [1]: 171 It has been found that replication happens in a localised way in the cell nucleus. In the S phase of interphase of the cell cycle; replication takes place.

  3. DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

    In molecular biology, [1] [2] [3] DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. [4] DNA replication occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part of biological inheritance .

  4. Eukaryotic DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_DNA_replication

    The chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 (Cdt1) protein is required for the licensing of chromatin for DNA replication. [25] [26] In S. cerevisiae, Cdt1 facilitates the loading of the Mcm2-7 complex one at a time onto the chromosome by stabilising the left-handed open-ring structure of the Mcm2-7 single hexamer.

  5. Cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

    This is also the site for replication of DNA as well as transcription of DNA to RNA. Afterwards, the RNA is modified and transported out to the cytosol to be translated to protein. [16] Nucleolus: This structure is within the nucleus, usually dense and spherical. It is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, which is needed for ribosomal ...

  6. Cell (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

    Transcription is the process where genetic information in DNA is used to produce a complementary RNA strand. This RNA strand is then processed to give messenger RNA (mRNA), which is free to migrate through the cell. mRNA molecules bind to protein-RNA complexes called ribosomes located in the cytosol , where they are translated into polypeptide ...

  7. Central dogma of molecular biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_dogma_of_molecular...

    Reverse transcription is the transfer of information from RNA to DNA (the reverse of normal transcription). This is known to occur in the case of retroviruses, such as HIV, as well as in eukaryotes, in the case of retrotransposons and telomere synthesis. It is the process by which genetic information from RNA gets transcribed into new DNA.

  8. Complementarity (molecular biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementarity_(molecular...

    In nature complementarity is the base principle of DNA replication and transcription as it is a property shared between two DNA or RNA sequences, such that when they are aligned antiparallel to each other, the nucleotide bases at each position in the sequences will be complementary, much like looking in the mirror and seeing the reverse of things.

  9. Primary transcript - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_transcript

    To initiate the transcription process in a cell's nucleus, DNA double helices are unwound and hydrogen bonds connecting compatible nucleic acids of DNA are broken to produce two unconnected single DNA strands. [1] One strand of the DNA template is used for transcription of the single-stranded primary transcript mRNA. This DNA strand is bound by ...