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  2. Glucose cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_cycle

    The glucose cycle can occur in liver cells due to a liver specific enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, which catalyse the dephosphorylation of glucose 6-phosphate back to glucose. Glucose-6-phosphate is the product of glycogenolysis or gluconeogenesis, where the goal is to increase free glucose in the blood due body being in catabolic state. Other ...

  3. Glucose transporter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_transporter

    Is expressed by renal tubular cells, liver cells and pancreatic beta cells. It is also present in the basolateral membrane of the small intestine epithelium. Bidirectionality is required in liver cells to uptake glucose for glycolysis and glycogenesis, and release of glucose during gluconeogenesis. In pancreatic beta cells, free flowing glucose ...

  4. Gluconeogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluconeogenesis

    The liver uses both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to produce glucose, whereas the kidney only uses gluconeogenesis. [8] After a meal, the liver shifts to glycogen synthesis, whereas the kidney increases gluconeogenesis. [10] The intestine uses mostly glutamine and glycerol. [21]

  5. Glucagon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon

    Glucose is stored in the liver in the form of the polysaccharide glycogen, which is a glucan (a polymer made up of glucose molecules). Liver cells ( hepatocytes ) have glucagon receptors . When glucagon binds to the glucagon receptors, the liver cells convert the glycogen into individual glucose molecules and release them into the bloodstream ...

  6. Glycolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis

    Glucose may alternatively be formed from the phosphorolysis or hydrolysis of intracellular starch or glycogen. In animals, an isozyme of hexokinase called glucokinase is also used in the liver, which has a much lower affinity for glucose (K m in the vicinity of normal glycemia), and differs in regulatory properties. The different substrate ...

  7. Liver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver

    The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.