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These lists contain the Sun, the planets, dwarf planets, many of the larger small Solar System bodies (which includes the asteroids), all named natural satellites, and a number of smaller objects of historical or scientific interest, such as comets and near-Earth objects.
The mean height of land above sea level is about 797 m (2,615 ft). ... By comparison, ... the main apparent motion of celestial bodies in Earth's sky is to the west ...
R E is central body's equatorial radius (6 378 137 m for Earth), ω E is the central body's rotation rate ( 7.292 115 × 10 −5 rad/s for Earth), GM E is the product of the universal constant of gravitation and the central body's mass ( 3.986 004 418 × 10 14 m 3 /s 2 for Earth).
Earth's gravity according to the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM). [13] Two models for a spherically symmetric Earth are included for comparison. The dark green straight line is for a constant density equal to the Earth's average density. The light green curved line is for a density that decreases linearly from center to surface.
Olympus Mons, the tallest planetary mountain in the Solar System, compared to Mount Everest and Mauna Kea on Earth (heights shown are above datum or sea level, which differ from the base-to-peak heights given in the list). This is a list of the tallest mountains in the Solar System.
Semi-synchronous orbit: An orbit with an orbital period equal to half of the average rotational period of the body being orbited and in the same direction of rotation as that body. For Earth this means a period of just under 12 hours at an altitude of approximately 20,200 km (12,544.2 miles) if the orbit is circular. [16]
The most abundant silicate minerals on the Earth's surface include quartz, the feldspars, amphibole, mica, pyroxene, and olivine. [25] Common carbonate minerals include calcite (found in limestone), aragonite, and dolomite. [26] Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth—approximately 71% of the Earth's surface is covered with water.
For non-Earth bodies the terms planetographic latitude and planetocentric latitude are used instead. Ellipsoidal height (or ellipsoidal altitude ), also known as geodetic height (or geodetic altitude), is the distance between the point of interest and the ellipsoid surface, evaluated along the ellipsoidal normal vector ; it is defined as a ...