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The Second Industrial Revolution was a period of rapid industrial development, primarily in the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States, but also in France, the Low Countries, Italy and Japan. It followed on from the First Industrial Revolution that began in Britain in the late 18th century that then spread throughout Western Europe.
One of the real impetuses for the United States entering the Industrial Revolution was the passage of the Embargo Act of 1807, the War of 1812 (1812–15) and the Napoleonic Wars (1803–15) which cut off supplies of new and cheaper Industrial revolution products from Britain. The lack of access to these goods all provided a strong incentive to ...
The Industrial Revolution led to a population increase, but the chances of surviving childhood did not improve throughout the Industrial Revolution, although infant mortality rates were reduced markedly. [109] [166] There was still limited opportunity for education, and children were expected to work. Employers could pay a child less than an ...
The Industrial Revolution altered the U.S. economy and set the stage for the United States to dominate technological change and growth in the Second Industrial Revolution and the Gilded Age. [28] The Industrial Revolution also saw a decrease in labor shortages which had characterized the U.S. economy through its early years. [29]
The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution (1870s to 1914−WW I) — a phase of rapid and widespread industrialization following the First Industrial Revolution (1760s to 1820s−40s)
Where the First Industrial Revolution shifted production from artisans to factories, the Second Industrial Revolution pioneered an expansion in organization, coordination, and the scale of industry, spurred on by technology and transportation advancements. Railroads opened the West, creating farms, towns, and markets where none had existed.
Various technological revolutions have been defined as successors of the original Industrial Revolution. The sequence includes: The first Industrial Revolution; The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution; The Third Industrial Revolution, better known as the Digital Revolution; The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Technical Revolution or Second Industrial Revolution (1870–1920) Scientific-technical revolution (1940–1970) Information and telecommunications revolution, also known as the Digital Revolution or Third Industrial Revolution (1975–2021) Some say we’re on the brink of a Fourth Industrial Revolution, aka “Technological Revolution” (2020s)