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The Arab Agricultural Revolution [a] was the transformation in agriculture in the Old World during the Islamic Golden Age (8th to 13th centuries). The agronomic literature of the time, with major books by Ibn Bassal and Ibn al-'Awwam , demonstrates the extensive diffusion of useful plants to Medieval Spain ( al-Andalus ), and the growth in ...
The Nabataean Agriculture is the most influential book on agriculture in Arabic. [22] Dozens of writers used it as a source, from the Middle Ages until the 18th century. [68] It was the first agronomical work to reach al-Andalus (modern Spain and Portugal), and became an important reference for the writers of the Andalusi agricultural corpus.
A fellah (Arabic: فَلَّاح fallāḥ; feminine فَلَّاحَة fallāḥa; plural fellaheen or fellahin, فلاحين, fallāḥīn) is a local peasant, usually a farmer or agricultural laborer in the Middle East and North Africa. The word derives from the Arabic word for "ploughman" or "tiller".
The work is mostly compiled from the writings of other authors. Al-'Awwam cites information from 112 different prior authors. His citations of earlier authors have been analyzed with the following summary results: about 1900 direct and indirect citations altogether, of which 615 are to Greek authors (the great majority to the Geoponica of Cassianus Bassus), 585 are to Middle Eastern Arabic ...
Jericho, c. 1900. Jericho, near the Jordan River in Palestine, is one of the oldest agricultural settlements in the world dating to 8,000 BCE or earlier. Eight founder crops were grown at that time or shortly thereafter: three cereals (Einkorn and emmer wheat and barley); four pulses (lentils, peas, chickpeas, and bitter vetch), and flax [1] The fig tree may have been domesticated even earlier ...
As is true of the world as a whole, agriculture dominated the economy until the modern period, with livestock grazing playing a particularly large role in the Arab world. Significant trade routes included the Silk Road, the spice trade, and the trade in gold, salt, slaves and luxury goods including ivory and feathers out of sub-Saharan Africa.
Agricultural revolution may refer to: First Agricultural Revolution (circa 10,000 BC), the prehistoric transition from hunting and gathering to settled agriculture (also known as the Neolithic Revolution) Arab Agricultural Revolution (8th–13th century), The spread of new crops and advanced techniques in the Muslim world
The medieval Arabic agricultural writer Ibn al-'Awwam, who lived in Spain in the later 12th century, discussed how to cultivate alfalfa, which he called الفصفصة (al-fiṣfiṣa). [50] A 13th-century general-purpose Arabic dictionary, Lisān al-'Arab , says that alfalfa is cultivated as an animal feed and consumed in both fresh and dried ...