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The Celts (/ k ɛ l t s / KELTS, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples (/ ˈ k ɛ l t ɪ k / KEL-tik) were a collection of Indo-European peoples [1] in Europe and Anatolia, identified by their use of Celtic languages and other cultural similarities.
The interrelationships of ethnicity, language and culture in the Celtic world are unclear and debated; for example over the ways in which the Iron Age people of Britain and Ireland should be called Celts. In current scholarship, 'Celt' primarily refers to 'speakers of Celtic languages' rather than to a single ethnic group.
Galli , for the Romans, was a name synonym of “Celts” (as Julius Caesar states in De Bello Gallico [25]) which means that not all peoples and tribes called “Galli” were necessarily Gauls in a narrower regional sense. Gaulish Celts spoke Gaulish, a Continental Celtic language of the P Celtic type, a more innovative Celtic language - *kʷ ...
This claim may not only be political: according to a 2000 study by Semino, 35.6% of Czech males have y-chromosome haplogroup R1b, [75] which is common among Celts but rare among Slavs. Celts also founded Singidunum near present-day Belgrade , though the Celtic presence in modern-day Serbian regions is limited to the far north (mainly including ...
General deities were known by the Celts throughout large regions, and are the gods and goddesses called upon for protection, healing, luck, and honour. The local deities from Celtic nature worship were the spirits of a particular feature of the landscape, such as mountains, trees, or rivers, and thus were generally only known by the locals in ...
The concept was likely imported to Britain and Ireland Celts by the Guals during the pre-Roman period, with the Rimi altar becoming a major influence on Insular Celtic art. Sculptures from the period often show deities with either three faces or heads, while sacred animals such as lambs, have three rather than two horns. [ 26 ]
An alternative approach to defining the Celts is the contemporary inclusive and associative definition proposed by Vincent and Ruth Megaw (1996) and Raimund Karl (2010). It holds that a Celt is someone who uses a Celtic language or produces or uses a distinctive Celtic cultural expression (such as art or music) or has been referred to as a Celt ...
It is thought by some scholars to be associated with the Bell Beaker people of the Bronze Age, however others argue that "Celts" arrived much later at the beginning of the Iron Age. [68] During the Iron Age, there was heightened activity at a number of important royal ceremonial sites, including Tara, Dún Ailinne, Rathcroghan and Emain Macha. [69]