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Mars 4NM and Mars 5NM – projects intended by the Soviet Union for heavy Marsokhod (in 1973 according to initial plan of 1970) and Mars sample return (planned for 1975). The missions were to be launched on the failed N1 rocket.
The orbiter reached Mars orbit on September 24, 2014. Through this mission, ISRO became the first space agency to succeed in its first attempt at a Mars orbiter. The mission is the first successful Asian interplanetary mission. [6] Ten days after ISRO's launch, NASA launched their seventh Mars orbiter MAVEN to study the Martian atmosphere.
Mars 5NM. The Mars 4NM and Mars 5NM projects would have seen heavier spacecraft launched by N1 rockets. They would have deployed heavy Marsokhod rovers onto the surface, and conducted sample return missions. The N1 failed on all four of its test flights, and was never used to launch any Mars spacecraft. [13]
Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) is a planned spacecraft mission to Mars consisting of two spacecraft known as Blue and Gold. [3] [2] The mission, once expected to launch in October 2024, is part of NASA's SIMPLEx program.
The orbiter mission has been suggested by the Planetary Science Decadal Survey to be one of three missions of the proposed Mars Sample Return (MSR) campaign. [ 12 ] [ 14 ] Samples would be collected and cached by the Mars 2020 mission and would be left on the surface of Mars for possible later retrieval. [ 14 ]
The first crewed Mars Mission, which would include sending astronauts to Mars, orbiting Mars, and returning to Earth, is proposed for the 2030s. [ 2 ] [ 50 ] [ 51 ] [ 52 ] Technology development for US government missions to Mars is underway, but there is no well-funded approach to bring the conceptual project to completion with human landings ...
In 1970 the Soviet Union began the design of Mars 4NM and Mars 5NM missions with super-heavy uncrewed Martian spacecraft. First was Marsokhod, with a planned date of early 1973, and second was the Mars sample return mission planned for 1975.
The International Mars Ice Mapper Mission (I-MIM) is a proposed Mars orbiter being developed by NASA, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI). [3] As the mission concept evolves, there may be opportunities for other space agency and commercial partners to join the mission. [1]