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Every irreducible complex algebraic curve is birational to a unique smooth projective curve, so the theory for curves is trivial. The case of surfaces was first investigated by the geometers of the Italian school around 1900; the contraction theorem of Guido Castelnuovo essentially describes the process of constructing a minimal model of any smooth projective surface.
A variety X over an uncountable algebraically closed field k is uniruled if and only if there is a rational curve passing through every k-point of X. By contrast, there are varieties over the algebraic closure k of a finite field which are not uniruled but have a rational curve through every k -point.
The Bombieri–Lang conjecture is an analogue for surfaces of Faltings's theorem, which states that algebraic curves of genus greater than one only have finitely many rational points. [ 8 ] If true, the Bombieri–Lang conjecture would resolve the Erdős–Ulam problem , as it would imply that there do not exist dense subsets of the Euclidean ...
The modularity of an elliptic curve E of conductor N can be expressed also by saying that there is a non-constant rational map defined over ℚ, from the modular curve X 0 (N) to E. In particular, the points of E can be parametrized by modular functions. For example, a modular parametrization of the curve y 2 − y = x 3 − x is given by [18]
Andrew Ogg drew the connection between the torsion conjecture for elliptic curves over the rationals and the theory of classical modular curves. [1] In the early 1970s, the work of Gérard Ligozat, Daniel Kubert , Barry Mazur , and John Tate showed that several small values of n do not occur as orders of torsion points on elliptic curves over ...
Faltings's theorem is a result in arithmetic geometry, according to which a curve of genus greater than 1 over the field of rational numbers has only finitely many rational points. This was conjectured in 1922 by Louis Mordell , [ 1 ] and known as the Mordell conjecture until its 1983 proof by Gerd Faltings . [ 2 ]
Bombieri and Pila's result was novel because of its uniformity with respect to the polynomials defining the curves. Roger Heath-Brown obtained the analogous result of Bombieri and Pila in higher dimensions in 2002, [3] using a different argument. Heath-Brown's approach would later be dubbed the local p-adic determinant method. The main use of ...
A variety is called convex if the pullback of the tangent bundle to a stable rational curve: has globally generated sections. [2] Geometrically this implies the curve is free to move around infinitesimally without any obstruction. Convexity is generally phrased as the technical condition