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The term childhood disease refers to disease that is contracted or becomes symptomatic before the age of 18 or 21 years old. Many of these diseases can also be contracted by adults. Some childhood diseases include:
Although 80 to 90% of children will have a long term complete response with treatment, [45]: 1527 it remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among children. [82] 85% of cases are of B-cell lineage and have an equal number of cases in both males and females. The remaining 15% of T-cell lineage have a male predominance.
In children under 15 in first-world countries, the five-year survival rate is greater than 60% or even 90%, depending on the type of leukemia. [13] In children who are cancer-free five years after diagnosis of acute leukemia, the cancer is unlikely to return. [13] In 2015, leukemia was present in 2.3 million people worldwide and caused 353,500 ...
Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited blood disorders, caused by a genetic abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. [57] Under certain circumstances, this leads to the red blood cells adopting an abnormal sickle -like shape; with this shape, they are unable to deform as they pass through capillaries ...
Toxocariasis is a parasitic disease of the eye associated with exposure to infected puppies, which causes a retinal lesion leading to retinal detachment. 4. Retinopathy of prematurity is associated with low-birth-weight infants who receive supplemental oxygen in the period immediately after birth, and it involves damage to the retinal tissue ...
Further, it caused 1.8 million deaths in 2020 alone. [3] In those aged 14 or younger, leukaemia is the most frequent form of malignancy with the brain and nervous system subsequent. [26] These individuals account for approximately 1% of the cancer mortality rate – about 110,000 children each year. [28]
This variant is not related to HIV infection [39] [40] and is a more aggressive disease that infiltrates the skin extensively. [39] [41] African lymphadenopathic Kaposi sarcoma is aggressive, occurring in children under 10 years of age, presenting with lymph node involvement, with or without skin lesions. [35]: 599
CLL is the most common type of leukemia in the UK, accounting for 38% of all leukemia cases. Approximately 3,200 people were diagnosed with the disease in 2011. [85] In Western populations, subclinical "disease" can be identified in 3.5% of normal adults, [86] and in up to 8% of individuals over the age of 70. [87]