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In addition, whereas bicalutamide monotherapy can increase testosterone levels by up to 2-fold in men, [64] [76] the medication does not increase testosterone levels in women. [77] [78] [79] For these reasons, much lower dosages of bicalutamide (e.g., 25 mg/day in the hirsutism studies) may be used in women with significant antiandrogenic ...
Antiandrogens, also known as androgen antagonists or testosterone blockers, are a class of drugs that prevent androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from mediating their biological effects in the body. They act by blocking the androgen receptor (AR) and/or inhibiting or suppressing androgen production.
[113] [37] [114] Although bicalutamide has the potential to increase testosterone levels, there is no effect of this testosterone due to the blockade of the AR by bicalutamide. [96] Neyman and colleagues in 2019 published a study on bicalutamide as a puberty blocker in adolescent transgender girls.
For women, a drop in estrogen can cause weight gain, particularly in the abdomen (aka menopause belly). For men, low testosterone is linked to an increase in fat mass. Men with obesity are more ...
[28] [56] [57] [51] Almost all combined birth control pills contain the potently liver-active estrogen ethinylestradiol, and the typical doses of ethinylestradiol present in combined birth control pills increase sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels by 2- to 4-fold and consequently decrease free testosterone levels by 40 to 80%. [58]
Enclomifene (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name), or enclomiphene (USAN Tooltip United States Adopted Name), a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator of the triphenylethylene group, acts by antagonizing the estrogen receptor (ER) in the pituitary gland, which reduces negative feedback by estrogen on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, thereby increasing gonadotropin ...
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