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Axillary dissection is a surgical procedure that incises the axilla, usually in order to identify, examine, or take out lymph nodes. [1] The term "axilla" refers to the armpit or underarm section of the body. [2] The axillary dissection procedure is commonly used in treating the underarm portion of women who are dealing with breast cancer. [3]
Lymphadenectomy, or lymph node dissection, is the surgical removal of one or more groups of lymph nodes. [1] It is almost always performed as part of the surgical management of cancer . In a regional lymph node dissection , some of the lymph nodes in the tumor area are removed; in a radical lymph node dissection , most or all of the lymph nodes ...
The axillary lymph nodes or armpit lymph nodes are lymph nodes in the human armpit.Between 20 and 49 in number, they drain lymph vessels from the lateral quadrants of the breast, the superficial lymph vessels from thin walls of the chest and the abdomen above the level of the navel, and the vessels from the upper limb.
In breast cancer patients, if micrometastases are present in the SLN, removal of these nodes is often the next step in treatment. Axillary lymph node dissection involves the excision of the nodes from the armpit, or axilla, region. Depending on the progression of the cells, the surgeon will determine the level of dissection that is required.
Axillary lymphadenopathy is distinguished by an increase in volume or changes in the morphology of the axillary lymph nodes. It can be detected through palpation during a physical examination or through changes in imaging tests. On a mammogram (MMG), normal lymph nodes typically appear oval or reniform with a radiolucent center representing ...
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be used to determine if the cancer has progressed away from the breast and into other parts of the body. [10] Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the analysis of a few removed sentinel nodes for the presence of cancerous cells.
Axillary lymphatic plexus; Cubital lymph nodes (not part of the lymph node drainage of the breast) Superficial axillary (low axillary) Deep axillary lymph nodes; Brachial axillary lymph nodes; Interpectoral axillary lymph nodes (Rotter nodes) Paramammary or intramammary lymph nodes; Parasternal lymph nodes (internal mammary nodes)
In women, it is most prevalent in an upper limb after breast cancer surgery, especially axillary lymph node dissection, [15] and occurs on the same side of the body as the surgery. Breast and trunk lymphedema can also occur but go unrecognised as there is swelling in the area after surgery, and its symptoms ( peau d'orange and an inverted ...