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Isoelectric point. The isoelectric point (pI, pH (I), IEP), is the pH at which a molecule carries no net electrical charge or is electrically neutral in the statistical mean. The standard nomenclature to represent the isoelectric point is pH (I). [1] However, pI is also used. [2] For brevity, this article uses pI.
The isoelectric point (pI) is the pH of a solution at which the net primary charge of a protein becomes zero. At a solution pH that is above the pI the surface of the protein is predominantly negatively charged and therefore like-charged molecules will exhibit repulsive forces.
The isoelectric point of albumin is 4.7. [8] Alpha-fetoprotein is a fetal plasma protein that binds various cations, fatty acids and bilirubin. Vitamin D-binding protein binds to vitamin D and its metabolites, as well as to fatty acids. Not much is known about afamin. It seems to carry lipidated Wnt proteins and Vitamin E around. [9]
The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot), or western blotting, is a widely used analytical technique in molecular biology and immunogenetics to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. [ 1 ] Besides detecting the proteins, this technique is also utilized to visualize, distinguish, and quantify the ...
The structure of α-lactalbumin is well known and is composed of 123 amino acids and 4 disulfide bridges. The molecular weight is 14178 Da, and the isoelectric point is between 4.2 and 4.5. α-Lactalbumin has two prominent forms: holo-state and apo-state. The holo-state is the natural form--folded and bound by calcium.
Actin is extremely abundant in most cells, comprising 1–5% of the total protein mass of most cells, and 10% of muscle cells. [7] The actin protein is found in both the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus. [9] Its location is regulated by cell membrane signal transduction pathways that integrate the stimuli that a cell receives stimulating the ...
Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein. [1] By convention, the primary structure of a protein is reported starting from the amino-terminal (N) end to the carboxyl-terminal (C) end. Protein biosynthesis is most commonly performed by ribosomes in cells. Peptides can also be synthesized in the ...
Isoelectric focusing (IEF), also known as electrofocusing, is a technique for separating different molecules by differences in their isoelectric point (pI). [1][2] It is a type of zone electrophoresis usually performed on proteins in a gel that takes advantage of the fact that overall charge on the molecule of interest is a function of the pH ...