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Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony is a music theory of harmony in sub-Saharan African music based on the principles of homophonic parallelism (chords based around a leading melody that follow its rhythm and contour), homophonic polyphony (independent parts moving together), counter-melody (secondary melody) and ostinato-variation (variations based on a repeated theme).
In music, heterophony is a type of texture characterized by the simultaneous variation of a single melodic line. Such a texture can be regarded as a kind of complex monophony in which there is only one basic melody, but realized at the same time in multiple voices, each of which plays the melody differently, either in a different rhythm or tempo, or with various embellishments and elaborations ...
Homophony began by appearing in sacred music, replacing polyphony and monophony as the dominant form, but spread to secular music, for which it is one of the standard forms today. Composers known for their homophonic work during the Baroque period include Claudio Monteverdi, Antonio Vivaldi, George Frideric Handel, and Johann Sebastian Bach.
In music, homorhythm (also homometer) is a texture having a "similarity of rhythm in all parts" [2] or "very similar rhythm" as would be used in simple hymn or chorale settings. [3] Homorhythm is a condition of homophony. [2] All voices sing the same rhythm. This texture results in a homophonic texture, which is a blocked chordal texture.
For example, in a C chord, there are three notes: C, E, and G. The note C is the root. The notes E and G provide harmony, and in a G7 (G dominant 7th) chord, the root G with each subsequent note (in this case B, D and F) provide the harmony. [22] In the musical scale, there are twelve pitches. Each pitch is referred to as a "degree" of the scale.
Although in music instruction certain styles or repertoires of music are often identified with one of these descriptions this is basically added music [clarification needed] (for example, Gregorian chant is described as monophonic, Bach Chorales are described as homophonic and fugues as polyphonic), many composers use more than one type of ...
Organum [a] (/ ˈ ɔːr ɡ ə n əm /) is, in general, a plainchant melody with at least one added voice to enhance the harmony, developed in the Middle Ages.Depending on the mode and form of the chant, a supporting bass line (or bourdon) may be sung on the same text, the melody may be followed in parallel motion (parallel organum), or a combination of both of these techniques may be employed.
F ♭ is a common enharmonic equivalent of E, but is not regarded as the same note. F ♭ is commonly found after E ♭ in the same measure in pieces where E ♭ is in the key signature, in order to represent a diatonic, rather than a chromatic semitone; writing an E ♭ with a following E ♮ is regarded as a chromatic alteration of one scale ...