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A radionuclide generator is a device which provides a local supply of a short-lived radioactive substance from the decay of a longer-lived parent radionuclide. They are commonly used in nuclear medicine to supply a radiopharmacy . [ 1 ]
Technetium-99m (99m Tc) is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99 (itself an isotope of technetium), symbolized as 99m Tc, that is used in tens of millions of medical diagnostic procedures annually, making it the most commonly used medical radioisotope in the world.
An activation product is a material that has been made radioactive by the process of neutron activation.. Fission products and actinides produced by neutron absorption of nuclear fuel itself are normally referred to by those specific names, and activation product reserved for products of neutron capture by other materials, such as structural components of the nuclear reactor or nuclear bomb ...
The radioactive decay can produce a stable nuclide or will sometimes produce a new unstable radionuclide which may undergo further decay. Radioactive decay is a random process at the level of single atoms: it is impossible to predict when one particular atom will decay.
Five modern technetium-99m generators The first technetium-99m generator, unshielded, 1958. A Tc-99m pertechnetate solution is being eluted from Mo-99 molybdate bound to a chromatographic substrate A technetium-99m generator , or colloquially a technetium cow or moly cow , is a device used to extract the metastable isotope 99m Tc of technetium ...
The generation of one short-lived isotope from longer lived isotope is a useful method of providing a portable supply of a short-lived isotope. This is similar to the generation of technetium-99m by a technetium generator. The actinium-225 is made by the irradiation of radium-226 with a cyclotron. [20]
Scandium-44 (44 Sc) is a radioactive isotope of scandium that decays by positron emission to stable 44 Ca with a half-life of 4.042 hours.. 44 Sc can be obtained as a daughter radionuclide of long-lived 44 Ti (t 1/2 60.4 a) from 44 Ti / 44 Sc generator or can be produced by nuclear reaction 44 Ca ( p, n) 44 Sc in small cyclotrons.
It is first necessary to derive a digital number that is proportional to the amplitude of the analog pulse. This is performed in an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) which is a key part of the MCA. Several linear and fast ADCs have been developed over the years (e.g., Wilkinson). [17] One of the first MCAs was developed by Fred Goulding in the ...