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  2. Rooted graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooted_graph

    In mathematics, and, in particular, in graph theory, a rooted graph is a graph in which one vertex has been distinguished as the root. [1] [2] Both directed and undirected versions of rooted graphs have been studied, and there are also variant definitions that allow multiple roots. Examples of rooted graphs with some variants.

  3. Rooted product of graphs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooted_product_of_graphs

    The rooted product of graphs. In mathematical graph theory, the rooted product of a graph G and a rooted graph H is defined as follows: take | V(G) | copies of H, and for every vertex v i of G, identify v i with the root node of the i-th copy of H. More formally, assuming that

  4. Tree (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(graph_theory)

    A path graph (or linear graph) consists of n vertices arranged in a line, so that vertices i and i + 1 are connected by an edge for i = 1, …, n – 1. A starlike tree consists of a central vertex called root and several path graphs attached to it. More formally, a tree is starlike if it has exactly one vertex of degree greater than 2.

  5. Glossary of graph theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_graph_theory

    A graph is d-regular when all of its vertices have degree d. A regular graph is a graph that is d-regular for some d. regular tournament A regular tournament is a tournament where in-degree equals out-degree for all vertices. reverse See transpose. root 1. A designated vertex in a graph, particularly in directed trees and rooted graphs. 2.

  6. Tree (abstract data type) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(abstract_data_type)

    A rooted tree with the "away from root" direction (a more narrow term is an "arborescence"), meaning: A directed graph, whose underlying undirected graph is a tree (any two vertices are connected by exactly one simple path), [6] with a distinguished root (one vertex is designated as the root),

  7. Muller's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muller's_method

    Muller's method is a root-finding algorithm, a numerical method for solving equations of the form f(x) = 0.It was first presented by David E. Muller in 1956.. Muller's method proceeds according to a third-order recurrence relation similar to the second-order recurrence relation of the secant method.

  8. Arborescence (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arborescence_(graph_theory)

    An instance of an arborescence, where any vertex v has exactly one directed walk from the root vertex to itself.. In graph theory, an arborescence is a directed graph where there exists a vertex r (called the root) such that, for any other vertex v, there is exactly one directed walk from r to v (noting that the root r is unique). [1]

  9. Directed graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_graph

    A directed graph is strongly connected or strong if it contains a directed path from x to y (and from y to x) for every pair of vertices (x, y). The strong components are the maximal strongly connected subgraphs. A connected rooted graph (or flow graph) is one where there exists a directed path to every vertex from a distinguished root vertex.