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Epileptogenesis is the gradual process by which a typical brain develops epilepsy. [1] Epilepsy is a chronic condition in which seizures occur. [2] These changes to the brain occasionally cause neurons to fire in an abnormal, hypersynchronous manner, known as a seizure. [3]
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
Epileptogenesis may occur rapidly, further narrowing this window, but a delayed process known as "secondary epileptogenesis" can influence the progression and severity of epilepsy, offering opportunities for intervention even after its onset. Current research focuses on identifying methods and targets to prevent or slow epilepsy development.
For example, various Global Burden of Disease Studies investigate such factors and quantify recent developments – one such systematic analysis analyzed the (non)progress on cancer and its causes during the 2010–19-decade, indicating that 2019, ~44% of all cancer deaths – or ~4.5 M deaths or ~105 million lost disability-adjusted life years ...
This means that sudden, unexpected death is more common among individuals with epilepsy when compared to infants or the general population. SUDEP accounts for 8–17% of deaths in people with epilepsy. [31] The risk of sudden death in young adults with epilepsy is increased 20-40-fold compared to the general population. [32] [33] [20]
There are many causes of seizures. Organ failure, medication and medication withdrawal, cancer, imbalance of electrolytes, hypertensive encephalopathy , may be some of its potential causes. [ 2 ] The factors that lead to a seizure are often complex and it may not be possible to determine what causes a particular seizure, what causes it to ...
This process is known as epileptogenesis. [41] There is loss of inhibitory neurons because they die due to the injury. [41] [40] The brain may also adapt and make new neuron connections that may be hyper-excitatory. [41] [40] Brief seizures, such as absence seizures lasting 5–10 seconds, do not cause observable brain damage. [42]
For a given epidemic or pandemic, the average of its estimated death toll range is used for ranking. If the death toll averages of two or more epidemics or pandemics are equal, then the smaller the range, the higher the rank. For the historical records of major changes in the world population, see world population. [3]