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Dumping, in economics, is a form of predatory pricing, especially in the context of international trade.It occurs when manufacturers export a product to another country at a price below the normal price with an injuring effect.
Predatory pricing: One firm substantially reduces its prices for a sustained period below its own cost of supply in an attempt to reduce market competition. [9] Predatory pricing on the international market is called dumping. That is, when a foreign company sells a product in a domestic market at a price below market value, and in doing so ...
Predatory pricing is a commercial pricing strategy which involves the use of large scale undercutting to eliminate competition. This is where an industry dominant firm with sizable market power will deliberately reduce the prices of a product or service to loss-making levels to attract all consumers and create a monopoly. [1]
When a producer exports at a loss, its competitors may term this dumping. Another case is when the exporter prices a good lower in the export market than in its domestic market. [ 8 ] The purpose and expected outcome of a tariff is to encourage spending on domestic goods and services rather than their imported equivalents.
Environmental harmful product dumping (“environmental dumping”) is the practice of transfrontier shipment of waste (household waste, industrial/nuclear waste, etc.) from one country to another. The goal is to take the waste to a country that has less strict environmental laws , or environmental laws that are not strictly enforced.
“A study by the leadership consulting firm Spencer Stuart suggests that unceremoniously dumping a CEO at an arbitrary age could mean dethroning talented executives who still have a lot to ...
Countertrade also occurs when countries lack sufficient hard currency, or when other types of market trade are impossible.. In 2000, India and Iraq agreed on an "oil for wheat and rice" barter deal, subject to United Nations approval under Article 50 of the UN Persian Gulf War sanctions, that would facilitate 300,000 barrels of oil delivered daily to India at a price of $6.85 a barrel while ...
A report from the WTO's appellate body condemned this method as unfair. “we are also of the view that a comparison between export price and normal value that does not take fully into account the prices of all comparable export transactions – such as the practice of “zeroing” at issue in this dispute – is not a “fair comparison ...