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Like most amino acid complexes, the glycinate forms a 5-membered chelate ring, with the glycinato ligand serving as a bidentate (κ 2 Ο,Ν) species. [2] [5] The chelating ligands assume a square planar configuration around the copper atom as is common for tetracoordinate d 9 complexes, calculated to be much lower in energy than the alternative tetrahedral arrangement.
The chelate effect is the greater affinity of chelating ligands for a metal ion than that of similar nonchelating (monodentate) ligands for the same metal. The thermodynamic principles underpinning the chelate effect are illustrated by the contrasting affinities of copper(II) for ethylenediamine (en) vs. methylamine.
Copper gluconate is the copper salt of D-gluconic acid. It is an odorless light blue or blue-green crystal or powder which is easily soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Most commonly, amino acids coordinate to metal ions as N,O bidentate ligands, utilizing the amino group and the carboxylate. They are "L-X" ligands. A five-membered chelate ring is formed. The chelate ring is only slightly ruffled at the sp 3-hybridized carbon and nitrogen centers.
Metal glycinate complexes, e.g. copper(II) glycinate are used as supplements for animal feeds. [ 27 ] As of 1971 [update] , the U.S. Food and Drug Administration "no longer regards glycine and its salts as generally recognized as safe for use in human food", [ 51 ] and only permits food uses of glycine under certain conditions.
Then they can determine if magnesium citrate or magnesium glycinate is the way to go. Also, if you still have questions, don’t be afraid to speak up. “Registered dietitians are here to help ...