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Current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) are those conforming to the guidelines recommended by relevant agencies. Those agencies control the authorization and licensing of the manufacture and sale of food and beverages , [ 1 ] cosmetics , [ 2 ] pharmaceutical products , [ 3 ] dietary supplements , [ 4 ] and medical devices . [ 5 ]
Management accounting is an applied discipline used in various industries. The specific functions and principles followed can vary based on the industry. Management accounting principles in banking are specialized but do have some common fundamental concepts used whether the industry is manufacturing-based or service-oriented.
Due to the strategic importance of supply-chain management, forward-looking control requirements must be taken into account. Because of the complexity of a supply chain, a focus on interface management is necessary. In the literature, several tasks and functions are defined. Management accounting in supply chains has the following features ...
The CGMA Competency Framework was also launched in 2014. The framework shows the range of technical, accounting and finance skills that management accountants need to do their jobs and consists of four knowledge areas: Technical Skills, Business Skills, People Skills and Leadership Skills, all underpinned by Ethics, Integrity and Professionalism.
Like medicine, accounting, and engineering, quality has achieved status as a recognized profession. [2] As Lee and Dale (1998) state, there are many organizations that are striving to assess the methods and ways in which their overall productivity, the quality of their products and services and the required operations to achieve them are done. [3]
In the October 2011 issue, an article titled Why We Need a Conceptual Framework for Managerial Costing provides a brief overview of the reasons why management accounting needs its own framework distinctly separate for internal managers. [2] 2012 – Institute of Management Accountants, Managerial Costing Conceptual Framework Task Force.
Managers need to know margins for almost all marketing decisions. Margins represent a key factor in pricing, return on marketing spending, earnings forecasts, and analyses of customer profitability." In a survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers, 78 percent responded that they found the "margin %" metric very useful while 65 percent found ...
Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed processes, [4] [5] performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records; Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications; Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality ...